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The frame provides a firm structure for the body, as well a good
anchor point for the suspension system. There are two types of
frames; integral frames (you've probably heard of them as "unibody")
and conventional frames.
A conventional frame is basically a "one-piece" frame, or two
"one-piece" frames fastened together. The frame is extremely rigid
in order to keep all the other parts of the car in perfect alignment.
The manufacturer takes this type of frame and attaches all the other
parts of the car to it, like the way a sculptor starts with a wire
frame to build his sculpture on and give it shape. To keep things
smooth, rubber insulator blocks, or "pads" are placed between the
frame and the other car parts. Because the conventional frame is so
important to the structure of your car, (without it, your car would
be a pile of doors, hoses, seats, wires and metal) it is usually
constructed of heavy steel and welded or cold riveted together. Cold
riveting keeps the rivets from shrinking after they cool off.
The integral, or unibody, frame is just the opposite. With this type
of frame, the body parts are used to structurally strengthen the
entire car, and all of the sections are welded into one piece.
Sometimes the parts of the body and the suspension system are
attached and reinforced. Also, some unibody frames have partial front
and rear frames for attaching the engine and suspension members.
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